The USA and Germany are two top destinations for international students. Both nations are known for their excellent educational institutions and offer unique benefits to international students. While the USA is undoubtedly the first choice for most Indian students, Germany has emerged as a popular alternative in recent years.
This article explores the differences between studying in the USA and Germany. We look at different aspects of education in the USA vs Germany for international students and help you make an informed decision.
Also Read: Study Abroad Guide for Indian Students 2024
Top universities to study in USA vs Germany
Both the USA and Germany are home to some of the best universities in the world.
The United States is the undoubted leader with institutions such as MIT, Caltech, and Berkeley which are legendary for advanced research. Germany also has many top-notch universities such as Heidelberg University and the Technical University of Munich.
The following is a list of the top 10 universities in each country.
United States
| Serial Number | University Name | QS Ranking 2024 | Location |
| 1 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) | 1 | Cambridge, United States |
| 2 | Harvard University | 4 | Cambridge, United States |
| 3 | Stanford University | 6 | Stanford, United States |
| 4 | California Institute of Technology (Caltech) | 10 | Pasadena, United States |
| 5 | University of Pennsylvania | 11 | Philadelphia, United States |
| 6 | University of California, Berkeley (UCB) | 12 | Berkeley, United States |
| 7 | Cornell University | 16 | Ithaca, United States |
| 8 | University of Chicago | 21 | Chicago, United States |
| 9 | Princeton University | 22 | Princeton, United States |
| 10 | Yale University | 23 | New Haven, United States |
Germany
| Serial Number | University Name | QS Ranking 2024 | Location |
| 1 | Technical University of Munich (TUM) | 37 | Munich, Germany |
| 2 | Ludwig Maximilians University Munich | 54 | Munich, Germany |
| 3 | Heidelberg University | 87 | Heidelberg, Germany |
| 4 | Freie Universität Berlin | 98 | Berlin, Germany |
| 5 | RWTH Aachen University | 106 | Aachen, Germany |
| 6 | Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) | 119 | Karlsruhe, Germany |
| 7 | Humboldt University Berlin | 120 | Berlin, Germany |
| 8 | Technische Universität Berlin | 154 | Berlin, Germany |
| 9 | University of Freiburg | 192 | Freiburg, Germany |
| 10 | Universität Hamburg | 205 | Hamburg, Germany |
Note: While rankings are helpful, they only scratch the surface of what truly matters. Finding the right fit involves looking at factors like ROI, alumni success, recent placements, and university reputation. For many, this information isn’t easy to compare, especially with so many sources giving contrasting insights.
SelectRight (by GradRight) is here to simplify this complex process.
Here’s how it works:
- Start by creating a profile and sharing key details about your academic history, interests, and career aspirations.
- SelectRight’s algorithm then analyzes over 8 million data points across 40,000 programs worldwide, providing you with a shortlist of universities that match your criteria.
- From there, you can compare the options based on unique insights like alumni achievements, placement records, and expected ROI.
- Throughout the process, you’ll have free access to expert advice, helping you make informed choices at every stage.
- Finally, connect with students, alumni, and faculty to get a real feel of each shortlisted university before you apply.
If you’re trying to decide between studying in the USA or Germany, SelectRight makes it easier to navigate your options and choose the path that aligns best with your future. Start today and take a step closer to finding your ideal program.
Also Read: 5 Most Affordable Universities in the USA for Indian Students
Admission requirements in USA vs Germany
Admission requirements for international students in the USA and Germany differ considerably. Each country has its own set of qualifications and procedures.
Admission Requirements in the USA
The application process in the USA is highly competitive. Here’s a breakdown of the general requirements:
Standardized Test Scores
GRE and GMAT scores are generally required for graduate study. In recent years some universities, such as Purdue University, have broken with this tradition and do not ask students for GRE scores. However, a vast majority of educational institutions require standardized test scores.
English Proficiency
International students have to submit TOEFL or IELTS scores to prove their proficiency in English. A TOEFL score between 80 – 100 or an IELTS score of 6.0 – 7.0 is a must-have.
Transcripts and GPA
College transcripts are necessary for admission to graduate programs. Many universities require a GPA of 3.0 and above throughout undergraduate courses. Well-known universities admit students with GPAs of 3.7 and above.
Letters of Recommendation
Letters of Requirement or LOR, usually written by teachers, is a common requirement. Most universities require two LORs.
Statement of Purpose
It is a personal essay of 1000 -1500 words that outlines why a student wants to pursue a particular course and what makes them eligible. It offers an insight into where their academic and professional interests lie.
Admission Requirements in Germany
German universities have a highly streamlined and merit-based admission process. The focus is on appraising the student’s knowledge, academic qualifications, and relevant experience.
Academic Records
Detailed academic records and mark sheets are essential for application. Students have to provide transcripts for both high school and college degrees. Some programs set minimum grade requirements.
Language Proficiency
German universities teach in both English and German. To enroll in German language courses, a TestDaF score is necessary to prove German language proficiency. For English language courses, TOEFL or IELTS scores are sufficient.
Entrance Exams
For some courses, especially in engineering, an entrance test is necessary. TestAS is an assessment exam that measures the academic ability of international applicants.
Personal Essay
German universities ask for a straightforward essay where students must describe their reason for taking up the course and future goals.
Resume
Students are also asked to submit a resume with a summary of their achievements.
The German admission process is more straightforward and primarily relies on academic excellence.
Cost of Studying in the USA vs Germany
The cost of education is an essential consideration for Indian students. Tuition fees differ widely between the USA and Germany. Here is an overview of the cost of study in each country.
Cost of Studying in the USA
The cost of studying in the United States can be significant. Unlike in Europe, education in the USA is not subsidized by the state.
Tuition Cost
For international students, annual tuition fees for graduate courses range from $20,000 to $40,000 (₹17,00,000 to ₹34,00,000) annually. Prestigious universities like Harvard and Stanford can charge upwards of $55,000 (₹46,75,000) annually, especially for study at management and law schools.
Public universities such as the City University of New York are often cheaper than private universities. CUNY charges about $20,000 (₹17,00,000) annually for an MS in Data Science.
At a private university such as Northwestern’s McCormick School of Engineering the same degree costs $45,000 (₹38,25,650) per year.
A lot of research is necessary to rank universities, courses, cost of education, and arrive at an optimal decision.
Living Expenses
Living expenses in the USA depend on the location. Cities like New York, San Francisco, and Boston are very expensive, while smaller cities are more affordable. Monthly expenses for accommodation, food, transportation, and utilities can range between $1,000 and $2,500 (₹85,000 to ₹2,12,500).
Health Insurance
Health insurance is mandatory for international students in the USA. Many universities offer their own health insurance plans which cost between $1,000 and $2,000 (₹85,000 to ₹1,70,000) per year.
Cost of Studying in Germany
The cost of education in Germany is far less. One of the biggest benefits of studying in Germany is the opportunity to attend public universities that are highly affordable.
Tuition Cost
For non-EU students, fees can range from €100 to €350 (₹8,800 to ₹30,920) per semester. German public universities receive generous grants from the government making it possible for them to charge so little for providing world-class education.
At private universities, it costs between €5,000 and €16,000 (₹4,41,830 to ₹14,13,850) annually depending on the program. But even these are far less expensive than public universities in the USA. The lower cost of a degree from a good university in Germany makes it a highly attractive proposition.
Living Expenses
While Germany is not cheap, the cost of living is more affordable than in the USA. Major cities like Munich, Frankfurt, and Berlin tend to be pricier than smaller towns such as Karlsruhe and Magdeburg. Monthly living expenses, including rent, groceries, transportation, and personal expenses fall between between €700 and €1,200 (₹61,850 to ₹1,06,030).
Health Insurance
Students have to contribute towards health insurance in Germany. Students can join the public health insurance system, costing around €100 (₹8,800) per month for comprehensive coverage.
Also Read: International Student Health Insurance USA 2024: Complete Guide
Student Visa for USA and Germany
The USA and Germany have different student visa rules. Here is an outline of the student visas you need for these countries.
Student Visa for the USA
You need an F-1 visa for a master’s program, a J-1 visa for an exchange program, and a M-1 visa for studying in a vocational course. These are the steps to obtain a F-1 visa:
- To apply for the visa students must first be accepted into a SEVP (Student and Exchange Visitor Program)-approved university.
- The visa applicant has to obtain from the university an I-20 form.
- The next step is to pay the SEVIS fee. SEVIS stands for Student and Exchange Visitor Information System and the fee is $350 (₹29,755).
- After payment of the SEVIS fee, a DS-160 form has to be filled out online. This is the visa application form. The F-1 visa application fee is $160 (₹13,600).
- In the last step, you have to schedule a visa interview at a US embassy or consulate in India.
The F-1 visa is valid for the duration of the program plus a grace period of 60 days.
Student Visa for Germany
The German student visa is known as Visum Zu Studienzwecken or more commonly D-Visa. The application process generally includes the following steps:
- The applicant must have a letter of admission from a recognized German university.
- Students must demonstrate proof of funds with at least €11,300 (₹9,98,500) in a bank account.
- The next step involves completing the German visa application form and paying a processing fee of €75 (₹6,620).
- The student must also buy a valid health insurance plan with coverage of at least €30,000 (₹26,50,980).
- The last step is a visa interview at a German embassy or consulate in India.
The German student visa is renewed as long as the student is enrolled in a full-term course.
Work Visa in USA and Germany
Most students from India who travel abroad for study also want to work there. Both the USA and Germany offer post-study work visas.
Work Visa in the USA
Immediately after completing education, students can avail of the OPT training scheme for work related to the field of study. OPT training lasts 12 months (36 months for STEM-related fields).
To transition to a long-term work visa, students have to secure employment in the USA. The employer has to sponsor the student for an H1-B visa.
Work Visa in Germany
Fresh postgraduates can work for 18 months after completing their education through a job seeker visa. During this period, graduates can search for a job related to their field of study. If they secure employment, they can apply for an EU Blue Card which is a work and residence permit in the EU zone.
Also Read: Student Visa for USA for Indian Students in 2024 (Guide)
Popular Job Sectors in USA vs Germany
Understanding the job market and popular industries is essential before you go abroad for education. The USA and Germany are both economic powerhouses with strong labor markets.
However, each country has unique strengths in certain sectors. Here’s a comparison of the top job sectors in both countries.
Popular Job Sectors in the USA
The job market in the United States is diverse and dynamic and multiple sectors are showing significant growth.
Technology
The tech sector is the most innovative aspect of the US job market. Roles such as software developers, data scientists, and cybersecurity experts are in high demand. Hiring for roles such as software developers is expected to keep growing at 17% each year, far above other sectors.
Healthcare
Due to the aging population and advancements in medical technology the health sector has seen rapid growth. Key roles include registered nurses, healthcare managers, and medical practitioners.
Finance
The USA is the global hub of finance and investment. There are plentiful opportunities for financial analysts, accountants, and investment managers.
Besides these, mechanical engineering, research, and management are lucrative fields for a fresh postgraduate.
Popular Job Sectors in Germany
Germany’s job market is characterized by strong industrial sectors and a focus on core engineering and technology.
Engineering
Germany is renowned for its engineering prowess. It excels in mechanical engineering, automotive engineering, and renewable energy. Well-trained engineers are highly sought after by every industry.
Information Technology
Germany is one of the top IT providers in Europe and is home to 100,000 large and small enterprises. SAP and Lufthansa Systems are top names in the field. There is a strong demand for software developers, IT consultants, and data analysts.
Pharmaceuticals
Germany has a robust pharmaceutical industry with several major global companies such as Bayer and Merck KGaA headquartered there.
There is a wide range of job opportunities for research scientists, research associates, process engineers, and quality control technicians.
Other than this there are plenty of jobs in finance and banking, hospitality, logistics, and environmental research.
Permanent Residency in the USA and Germany
The USA allows immigrants to apply for permanent residency or Green Card as it is popularly known. PR is granted only after you have been living and working in the USA for a number of years.
It’s important to note that the process of obtaining a Green Card can be complex and time-consuming.
In Germany, you have to first apply for an EU Blue Card which is a work permit. After 2-4 years, you are eligible for a settlement permit. If you are employed as a skilled worker, within a period of five years, you can gain permanent residency.
Scholarships offered in USA vs Germany
Scholarships help make studying abroad more affordable and both the USA and Germany offer plenty of financial aid for international students.
Scholarships in the USA
University Scholarships
The biggest source of financial aid for students is the universities. There are numerous financial help programs available in the USA.
As an Indian, you are not eligible for federal or state grants like the Pell Grant but you can get a subsidy or grant from your university.
Fulbright Program
The Fulbright scholarship is granted by the USA government. It is meant for international students and provides full funding for master’s and doctoral studies.
Private Scholarships
Several organizations offer scholarships for students in specific fields such as Microsoft Scholarships, International Peace Scholarship, and Narotam Sekhsaria Foundation scholarships.
Scholarships in Germany
DAAD Scholarships
The German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) offers scholarships for international students. It covers a part or whole of tuition fees and living expenses.
Erasmus+ Program
This is a scholarship program for the EU zone and funds international students within Europe, including Germany. The scholarship offers financial support for one or more semesters.
Deutschlandstipendium
This is a merit-based scholarship available to talented students and provides a monthly stipend.
Note: While scholarships in the USA and Germany can be tempting, remember that competition is intense, and only a small percentage of students receive these awards.
Your best bet is to find scholarships specific to the university you’re targeting. Even then, most scholarships cover only a portion of tuition costs, leaving other expenses—like living costs and travel—uncovered.
That’s why many students rely on low-interest education loans to fully fund their studies abroad. By comparing education loan offers through FundRight (by GradRight), you can find the best rates and save significantly.
FundRight is a unique loan platform where top lenders bid to offer you the best loan deals.
Here is how you can avail educational loans easily using FundRight:
- To get started, first create a FundRight profile.
- Share details about your course and financial needs.
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- Compare offers based on interest rates, terms, and benefits.
- Consult with a FundRight advisor for personalized guidance.
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If you’re ready to make the smart choice, start your loan search with FundRight and be one step closer to funding your education dreams!
Next, let’s go back to our comparison of the USA and Germany and understand one more important aspect.
Also Read: Scholarship to study in the USA For Indian students: How to apply ?
Climate in the USA and Germany
Climate is an important consideration for international students, as it impacts daily life in a new country.
Climate in the USA
The USA is geographically diverse and there is a wide range of climate conditions.
The southern states have a humid, subtropical climate with hot summers and mild winters. The northern half of the country has quite severe winters between November and March.
Cities such as Chicago can be extremely cold for several months. Some states such as New Mexico and Nevada have dry and desert-like climates.
Climate Conditions in Germany
Summers in Germany are temperate with the highest temperature reaching 28°C. Winters are harsh and average temperature drops to -5°C across the country.
FAQs
Both the USA and Germany are excellent destinations for higher study. However, the USA has the edge since it has a larger job market that needs millions of skilled individuals every year. Besides, the economy is varied and offers plenty of opportunities for those who can work hard.
The principal attraction of higher education in Germany is the low cost of education. The lower cost means it can be entirely managed with very little or no loan and there is no pressure to pay back a huge sum of money as soon as one enters the workforce.
Yes, studying in Germany is significantly cheaper than studying in the USA. One of the biggest advantages of studying in Germany is that public universities in Germany offer tuition-free education.
You only need to pay a small semester fee to cover the administrative costs of the university of a few hundred euros.
There is no definite answer to this question. Both nations are known for providing excellent education. In the case of Germany, the cost is far lower, but there is the added burden of learning a new language for communication. The USA on the other hand is more expensive but easier to adjust for new immigrants.
Yes, generally speaking, living in Germany is cheaper than living in the USA. In recent years the USA has been facing massive inflation. Food prices in Germany are more reasonable and less susceptible to fluctuation. Also, Germany has a very efficient public transport system that is highly affordable.
